Nabo
Brassica rapa subsp. rapa
De un vistazo
Una verdura de raíz con sabor suce y ligeramente dulce. Los nabos son resistentes al frío y pueden cultivarse en primavera y otoño.
Calendario de plantación y cosecha
Etapas de crecimiento
De la semilla a la cosecha
Germinación
Las semillas de nabo germinan con una rapidez notable, a menudo en 3-5 días en condiciones ideales. Las diminutas semillas se hinchan con la humedad y envían una radícula blanca hacia abajo mientras un par de cotiledones redondeados y con forma de corazón emerge a través de la superficie del suelo. Los nabos están entre las semillas de hortalizas que germinan más rápido en el jardín.
💡 Consejo de cuidado
Mantén el suelo constantemente húmedo pero no encharcado durante la germinación. Las semillas necesitan temperaturas de suelo de 10-18°C para obtener mejores resultados. Cúbrelas con solo 1 cm de tierra fina; sembrarlas demasiado profundo retrasa la emergencia.
Turnip seedlings emerge in just 3-5 days — among the fastest vegetable germinators
Calendario de cuidado mensual
Qué hacer cada mes para tu Nabo
Mayo
Mes actualContinue succession sowings in early May if temperatures remain below 24°C. Harvest spring turnips at 5-7 cm diameter before summer heat arrives. Use the last spring sowings for greens production as roots may not size up well in warming conditions.
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Datos fascinantes sobre Nabo
Turnips have been cultivated for at least 4,000 years — they were a dietary staple in ancient Rome and Greece long before the potato arrived in Europe from the Americas in the 16th century.
Los nabos prefieren clima fresco. Siembre semillas 1 cm de profundidad, 10-15 cm aparte.
Riegue regularmente para raíces tiernas. Las hojas también son comestibles.
Healthy turnip foliage indicates good root development below
The turnip is one of humanity's oldest cultivated root vegetables, with origins tracing back to central and western Asia over 4,000 years ago. Wild forms of Brassica rapa still grow across temperate Eurasia, and early farmers selected those with the largest, most tender roots for continued planting. Both the ancient Greeks and Romans cultivated turnips extensively — the Roman author Pliny the Elder considered the turnip one of the most important vegetables of his era, ranking it just behind grain and beans in agricultural significance.
During the Middle Ages, turnips were the primary root vegetable across northern Europe, feeding peasants and livestock alike through long, harsh winters. They were especially vital in regions too cold for other crops, from Scotland to Scandinavia. The introduction of the potato from the Americas in the 16th century gradually displaced the turnip from its central dietary role, but turnips remained important in many regional cuisines and agricultural systems. The 18th-century agricultural reformer Charles 'Turnip' Townshend revolutionized British farming by popularizing turnips as a winter livestock feed crop in his four-field crop rotation system.
Today, turnips are grown worldwide but remain most culturally significant in East Asian, Southern American, and northern European cuisines. Japan has developed refined salad turnip varieties like Hakurei that are eaten raw, while the American South preserves a deep tradition of braised turnip greens. In France, the navets of Nantes are a celebrated regional specialty. The turnip's fast growth, cold hardiness, dual-purpose nature (both roots and greens are edible), and nutritional density ensure its continued relevance in modern home gardens and sustainable agriculture.
Siembre directamente en primavera o principios de otoño.
Suelo suelto con pH 6,0-7,0. Incorpore compost.
Verifica Tu Zona
Verifica si Nabo es adecuado para tu ubicación.
10°C – 18°C
50°F – 64°F
Turnips are a cool-season crop that produces the sweetest, most tender roots at 10-18°C (50-65°F). They tolerate light frost and even brief periods down to -4°C (25°F), which actually improves flavor by converting starches to sugars. Above 24°C (75°F), roots become woody, pithy, and strong-flavored, and plants may bolt. Avoid summer plantings entirely in hot climates.
Problemas comunes que afectan a Nabo y cómo prevenirlos y tratarlos de forma orgánica.
Raíces leñosas por crecimiento prolongado o calor.
- 1Turnips are a cool-season crop — timing is everything. Sow in early spring (2-4 weeks before last frost) or late summer (6-8 weeks before first frost) for the best results. Avoid growing turnips in summer heat, which produces woody, bitter roots.
- 2Direct-sow only — turnips do not transplant. Their fast-growing taproot is easily damaged during transplanting, resulting in stunted or deformed roots. Sow seeds 1 cm deep directly where they will grow.
- 3Thin ruthlessly to 10 cm apart. Overcrowded turnips produce all tops and no roots. This is the single most common mistake new turnip growers make. Use the thinnings in salads — they are delicious.
- 4Soil preparation matters for root shape. Loosen soil to 20-25 cm deep and remove all rocks and debris. Rocky or compacted soil causes forked, misshapen roots. In heavy clay, grow in raised beds with loose, amended soil.
- 5Water consistently at 2.5 cm per week. Irregular watering causes cracked roots and bitter flavor. Mulch lightly to retain soil moisture and moderate root-zone temperature. Drip irrigation or soaker hoses produce the most even results.
- 6Harvest spring turnips at 5-7 cm diameter without delay. Even 2-3 extra days in warm weather can turn a sweet, tender turnip woody and strong-flavored. Check roots daily as they approach maturity.
- 7For the sweetest turnips, grow a fall crop. Turnips that mature in cooling temperatures and experience light frost are dramatically sweeter than spring-grown ones. Fall turnips are also less bothered by flea beetles.
- 8Grow both roots and greens for maximum value. Turnip greens are more nutritious than the root and can be harvested multiple times from a single planting using the cut-and-come-again technique. Dedicated greens varieties like Seven Top produce abundant, tender leaves.
Coseche nabos cuando las raíces tienen 7-10 cm de diámetro. Se vuelven más dulces después de las heladas.
Harvest when roots are 5-7 cm across for the sweetest flavor
Duran varias semanas en refrigerador. Puede congelarse.
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Información nutricional
Por porción de 100g
28
Calorías
Beneficios para la salud
- Turnip greens are among the most calcium-rich vegetables — 190mg per cup cooked, rivaling dairy sources and highly bioavailable
- Excellent source of Vitamin C in both root and greens, supporting immune function and collagen production
- Greens provide over 100% of daily Vitamin K needs per serving, essential for blood clotting and bone health
- Root is very low in calories (28 per 100g) while providing meaningful fiber, making it ideal for weight management
- Contains glucosinolates — sulfur compounds linked to anti-cancer properties, shared with other brassica vegetables
- Greens are rich in folate, important for cell division and especially crucial during pregnancy
💰 ¿Por qué cultivar tus propios?
A single packet of turnip seeds (costing $2-4) contains 500-1,000 seeds — enough to plant dozens of meters of row and produce 20-50 kg of turnips and greens over spring and fall seasons combined. At organic grocery prices of $3-5 per kg for turnips and $4-6 per bunch for greens, a single seed packet can easily yield $100-200 worth of produce. Turnips require minimal inputs beyond seeds and water, making them one of the most cost-effective crops for home gardeners.
Turnip greens are packed with calcium and vitamins A, C, and K
Recetas rápidas
Recetas sencillas con Nabo frescos
Roasted Honey-Glazed Turnips
35 minCubed turnips roasted at high heat until caramelized and golden, then tossed with a simple honey-thyme glaze. Roasting transforms turnips from mild and starchy to sweet and buttery — this recipe converts even self-proclaimed turnip skeptics.
Southern-Style Braised Turnip Greens
45 minA staple of Southern American cooking — tender turnip greens braised low and slow with smoky pork until silky and deeply flavored. Serve with cornbread to soak up the rich pot liquor, which is prized for its concentrated vitamins and minerals.
Turnip and Potato Mash
25 minA lighter, more flavorful alternative to plain mashed potatoes. Blending turnips with potatoes creates a silky mash with a subtle peppery undertone and fewer carbohydrates. A perfect side dish for roasted meats and hearty stews.
Roasting turnips at high heat brings out their natural sweetness
Calculadora de Rendimiento y Espaciado
Vea cuántas plantas de Nabo caben en su cama de jardín basándose en el espaciado recomendado de 10cm.
144
Nabo plantas en una cama de 4×4 ft
12 columnas × 12 filas a 10cm de espaciado
Variedades populares
Algunas de las variedades de nabo más populares para jardineros caseros, cada una con características únicas.
Purple Top
Variedad clásica con parte superior morada. 50 días.
Cocido, asado, en sopas o guisos.
¿Cuándo debo plantar Nabo?
Planta Nabo en Marzo, Abril, Agosto, Septiembre. Toma aproximadamente 50 días para madurar, con cosecha típicamente en Mayo, Junio, Octubre, Noviembre.
¿Cuáles son buenas plantas acompañantes para Nabo?
Nabo crece bien junto a Guisantes, Cebolla, Ajo. El cultivo acompañante puede mejorar el crecimiento, sabor y control natural de plagas.
¿En qué zonas de rusticidad puede crecer Nabo?
Nabo prospera en zonas de rusticidad USDA 3 a 10. Con protección de invernadero, puede cultivarse en zonas 1 a 11.
¿Cuánto sol necesita Nabo?
Nabo requiere Sol completo (6-8h+). Esto significa al menos 6-8 horas de luz solar directa diaria.
¿A qué distancia debo espaciar Nabo?
Espacia las plantas de Nabo a 10cm (4 pulgadas) para crecimiento óptimo y circulación de aire.
¿Qué plagas y enfermedades afectan a Nabo?
Los problemas comunes incluyen Mosca de la col. La prevención a través de buenas prácticas de jardinería como rotación de cultivos, espaciado adecuado y cultivo acompañante es el mejor enfoque. Consulta la sección de plagas y enfermedades para más detalles.
¿Cómo almaceno Nabo después de la cosecha?
Duran varias semanas en refrigerador. Puede congelarse.
¿Cuáles son las mejores variedades de Nabo para cultivar?
Las variedades populares incluyen Purple Top. Cada una tiene características únicas adaptadas a diferentes condiciones de cultivo y preferencias culinarias. Consulta la sección de variedades para descripciones detalladas.
¿Qué suelo necesita Nabo?
Suelo suelto con pH 6,0-7,0. Incorpore compost.
Why are my turnips woody and bitter?
This is almost always caused by one of three factors: harvesting too late (roots grew too large), hot weather stress (temperatures above 24°C/75°F), or inconsistent watering. Harvest turnips when they are 5-7 cm (2-3 inches) in diameter, grow them only in cool seasons (spring and fall), and keep soil evenly moist. Fall-grown turnips that mature in cooling temperatures are consistently the sweetest.
Can I eat turnip greens, and are they nutritious?
Turnip greens are not only edible but extraordinarily nutritious — they are richer in calcium than milk, provide over 100% of daily Vitamin K per serving, and are loaded with vitamins A and C, folate, and fiber. Harvest young leaves at 10-15 cm tall for the mildest flavor. Cook them Southern-style braised with smoked meat, saute with garlic and olive oil, or add raw baby greens to salads.
When should I plant turnips for a fall crop?
Count back 6-8 weeks from your first expected fall frost date and sow seeds at that time. In most temperate zones, this means sowing in August or early September. Fall turnips mature in cooling temperatures, which converts starches to sugars and produces the sweetest, most tender roots. You can leave fall turnips in the ground past frost — cover with 15-20 cm of straw mulch for extended winter harvest.
Why do my turnips produce lots of leaves but no roots?
The three most common causes are: overcrowding (plants not thinned to 10 cm apart), too much nitrogen fertilizer (which promotes leaf growth at the expense of roots), and insufficient sunlight (turnips need at least 6 hours of direct sun). Thin seedlings promptly, use a low-nitrogen fertilizer like 5-10-10, and plant in a sunny location.
Do turnips need to be planted in full sun?
Turnips perform best in full sun (6-8 hours of direct sunlight daily) for optimal root development. However, they tolerate partial shade (4-6 hours) better than many root vegetables, especially in warmer climates where afternoon shade can actually help prevent heat stress. If growing primarily for greens rather than roots, partial shade is perfectly adequate.
How do I store turnips long-term?
For refrigerator storage, remove greens immediately (they draw moisture from roots), do not wash, and store in a perforated plastic bag in the crisper for 2-3 weeks. For root-cellar storage, layer unwashed roots in damp sand at 0-2°C (32-35°F) and 90-95% humidity — they keep 3-4 months. The simplest method is in-ground storage: mulch fall turnips heavily with straw and dig as needed through winter in zones 5-8.
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Vladimir Kusnezow
Jardinero y desarrollador de software
Jardinero de zona 6b. Cultivo hortalizas y frutas en tierra e hidroponía desde hace 6 años. Creé PlotMyGarden para planificar mis propios jardines.
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